| | Row spacing (cm) | Plant spacing (cm) | Depth (cm) | Seeds per gram | Best Soil Temp °C | Rate per Hectare | Days to Maturity |
Amaranth (AF) | 50-75 | 50 | 0.5 | 900 | 16-30 | 1.2kg | 50 |
Artichoke (AF) | 200-240 | 160-180 | 1-2 | 22 | 15-18 | 600g | 300-400 |
Asparagus (AF) | 90-120 | 20-35 | 1-2 | 23-28 | 16-30 | 1.5kg | 2-3 years |
Broad Beans | 60-90 | 15-25 | 5 | 0.5-1 | 6-24 | 150-200kg | 90-120 |
Bush Beans (AF) | 50-60 | 8-15 | 2-3 | 2-4 | 16-30 | 60-85 | 55-70 |
Climbing Beans (AF) | 100 | 10-20 | 2-3 | 3-4 | 16-30 | 50 | 65-80 |
Beetroot (AF) | 45-60 | 5-10 | 2 | 50-90 | 8-30 | 7-9kg | 55-70 |
Broccoli | 50-60 | 35-50 | 0.5-1 | 175-330 | 7-30 | 400g | 60-90 |
Brussels Sprouts | 100 | 45-60 | 0.5-1 | 225-300 | 7-30 | 400g | 85-95 |
Buckwheat | Broadcast | Broadcast | 0.5-1 | 30 | | 60-100kg | 30-45 |
Burdock | 60 | 50 | 1-2 | 50 | | 6kg | 120 |
Cabbage | 50-75 | 35-60 | 0.5-1 | 200-380 | 10-35 | 300g | 60-110 |
Capsicum (AF) | 100-150 | 50-60 | 0.6 | 120-160 | 18-35 | 400g | 70-90 |
Carrot | 25-30 | 2-5 | 0.5-1 | 600-900 | 10-30 | 3-4.5kg | 65-90 |
Cauliflower | 60-100 | 45-60 | 0.4-0.6 | 240-420 | 10-30 | 300g | 110-155 |
Celeriac | 45-80 | 15-30 | 0.2-0.5 | 2100-3000 | 8-21 | 300g | 90-120 |
Celery | 45-80 | 15-30 | 0.2-0.5 | 2100-3000 | 12-21 | 400g | 120 |
Chili | 90-120 | 40-50 | 0.6 | 130-190 | 18-35 | 500g | 65-80 |
Collards | 50-100 | 40-50 | 0.5-1 | 300 | 8-30 | 500g | 60-80 |
Corn (Maize) (AF) | 60-90 | 20-30 | 2-3 | 2-4 | 16-35 | 8-10 | 100-150 |
Corn (Sweet) (AF) | 60-90 | 20-30 | 2-3 | 4-7 | 16-35 | 10-15kg | 80-100 |
Cucumber (AF) | 120-150 | 40-60 | 1 | 30-40 | 16-35 | 1-2kg | 60-70 |
Eggplant (AF) | 80-90 | 50-80 | 0.5-0.8 | 200-250 | 24-32 | 250g | 90-110 |
Gourd (AF) | 150 | 90-120 | 2 | 10 | 20-30 | 2kg | 95-120 |
Herbs, Parsley | 50-60 | 20-30 | 0.5-1 | 500-650 | 10-30 | 3.5-4.5kg | 65-135 |
Kale | 50-100 | 40-50 | 1 | 250-370 | 8-30 | 500g | 50-65 |
Kohl Rabi | 35-40 | 10-20 | 0.5-1 | 250-350 | 8-30 | 2-2.5kg | 55-70 |
Leek | 30-75 | 10-15 | 0.5-1 | 350-450 | 8-30 | 2.5-3.5kg | 105-130 |
Lettuce | 35-50 | 20-30 | 0.6 | 600-1200 | 8-27 | 1-2kg | 60-85 |
Luffa (AF) | 150 | 45-75 | 3 | 6 | 20-30 | 8kg | 80 |
Marrow (AF) | 100-120 | 90-120 | 2 | 6-8 | 20-35 | 2-4 | 90-120 |
Mustard | 50-75 | 35-60 | 0.5-1 | 300 | 10-35 | 300g | 40-60 |
Okra (AF) | 90-120 | 35-60 | 1 | 15-25 | 20-35 | 8-9kg | 80-98 |
Onion | 30-40 | 5-10 | 0.5-1 | 240-400 | 8-30 | 3.5-4.5kg | 180-240 |
Parsnip | 35-50 | 8-10 | 0.5-1 | 230-400 | 6-21 | 5-6kg | 120-140 |
Pea | 45-60 | 5-8 | 2-3 | 3-5 | 8-24 | 100-120kg | 65-80 |
Pea (Snow) | 60-100 | 6-8 | 2-3 | 3-5 | 8-24 | 50-80kg | 60-74 |
Pumpkin (AF) | 250-300 | 90-120 | 3 | 5-12 | 20-32 | 1.5-2.5kg | 105-140 |
Radish | 25-35 | 3-5 | 1-2 | 100-140 | 8-30 | 15-25kg | 40-50 |
Rhubarb | 60-70 | 40-50 | 1.2 | 60 | | | |
Rock melon (AF) | 120-150 | 40-60 | 1-2 | 25-40 | 20-32 | 1.8-2.5kg | 75-115 |
Rosella (AF) | 90-120 | 45 | 1 | 50-70 | 24-32 | 2.2-2.5kg | 175 |
Salad Greens, Endive | 45-60 | 20-30 | 0.5-1 | 700-1000 | 15-25 | 600-1kg | 70 |
Salsify | 20-40 | 5-10 | | 60-80 | | 1kg | 110-180 |
Shallots | 20-30 | 2-3 | 0.5 | 350-480 | 8-30 | 3-4.5kg | 85-105 |
Silver beet | 50-60 | 15-30 | 1.5-2 | 50-60 | 10-30 | 8-20kg | 50-85 |
Spinach - Bush | 30-40 | 12-20 | 1-2 | 50-70 | 8-24 | 14-18kg | 39-50 |
Spinach - Climbing | 100-150 | 15-30 | 1-2 | 13-30 | 16-30 | 1.5-2kg | 50-70 |
Squash (AF) | 90-120 | 60-80 | 2-3 | 7-12 | 21-35 | 2.5-5kg | 50-60 |
Sunflower (AF) | 50-100 | 20-30 | 1-2 | 7-15 | | 10-12kg | 70-80 |
Swede | 45-70 | 10-20 | 1 | 380-480 | 15-30 | 2kg | 70-75 |
Tomato (AF) | 60-150 | 40-60 | 0.5 | 250-400 | 16-35 | 300-400g | 60-120 |
Turnip | 30-50 | 12-20 | 1 | 400-500 | 12-30 | 2.5-4kg | 45-65 |
Watermelon (AF) | 150-200 | 60-75 | 2-3 | 10-20 | 21-35 | 3-4kg | 68-100 |
Zucchini (AF) | 90-110 | 50-90 | 2-3 | 6-12 | 21-35 | 2.5-5kg | 44-63 |
(AF) = After Frost.
We are not a farming advisory service. For commercial advice please contact your local Agricultural Department. We supply Traditional Open Pollinated seed for home gardeners and information supplied is done so in good faith. We take no responsibility for its accuracy. This seed planting guide is only a general reference. For more information consult gardening books or magazines; local knowledge is invaluable.
Seed depth is governed by the size of seed. Usually one to two times seed thickness. For spacing try to imagine the space taken up by mature plants. Sow accordingly or more thickly and thin out later. Some, mostly small seeds, require raising as seedlings and transplanting, others, mostly large seeds, prefer to be direct sown.
Variables such as soil types, fertility soil temperature, climatic conditions and cultural practices all have different effects on growth response of seeds. Local knowledge is invaluable. In milder climates, in sheltered town gardens and by the sea, where there are milder conditions including no frost, allow plantings later and earlier.
HERBS require similar conditions to vegetables. We can give no one ideal set of growth conditions. As a general guide most require a sunny position, moist and well drained, mulched, mostly fertile weed-free soil, protected from frost and wind.
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